Clinker : Cement clinker is a solid material produced in the manufacture of Portland cement as an intermediary product. Clinker occurs as lumps or nodules, usually 3 millimetres to 25 millimetres in diameter. It is produced by sintering limestone and aluminosilicate materials such as clay during the cement kiln stage. Clinker is primarily used to produce cement. Since it can be stored in dry condition for several months without noticeable deterioation, it is traded internationally in large amounts. Cement manufactures buy clinker for their cement plants in areas where raw materials for cement are scarce or unavailable.Types of Clinker are: Sulfate Resistant Clinker, Low Heat Clinker, White Clinker, Low-alkali Clinker, Belite Calciumsulfate Ternesite(BCT).Portland cement clinker is ground to a fine powder and is used as a binder in many cement goods.Sometimes a small amount of gypsum is added.It can also be mixed with other active ingredients or chemical admixtures to create certain cement forms.
Bentonite : Is a very old clay that has been used as a remedy for many things. The fine powder forms when volcanic ash ages. It's named after Fort Benton, WY, which has a lot of it. But it's found all over the world. It's also known as Montmorillonite clay after a region in France with a large deposit. The main uses of Bentonite are in drilling mud and as a binder, purifier, absorbent, and carrier for fertilizers or pesticides.Bentonite is the active protective layer of geosynthetic clay liners. Drilling: Another conventional use of bentonite is as a mud constituent for oil and water well drilling. Its roles are mainly to seal the borehole walls, to remove drill cuttings and to lubricate the cutting head.
Gypsum : Gypsum rock is a soft , light-colored , porous , sedimentary carbonate rock. It is form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite and originally formed deep under the sea by the compression of microscopic plankton that had settled to the sea floor. Gypsum is mined for use in industry, such as for quicklime, bricks and builders putty, and in agriculture, for raising pH in soils with high acidity.Gypsum uses include: manufacture of wallboard, cement, plaster of Paris, soil conditioning, a hardening retarder in portland cement, Varities of gypsum known as "satin spar" and "alabaster" are used for a variety of ornamental purpose.
Limestone : Limestone is a common type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the materials calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate. Limestone forms when these minerals precipitate out of water containing dissolved calcium.It is used in steel manufacturing, mining, paper production, water treatment and purification, and plastic production.Lime also has major applications in the manufacture of glass and in agriculture. As it mention before, Limestone has numerous uses: as a building materials, an essential component of concrete (Portland cement) , as a aggregate for the base of roads, as white pigment or filler in products such as toothpaste or paints, as a chemical feedstock for the production of lime, as a soil conditioner, and as a popular decorative.